It was not a language that made man emerge from the animal kingdom, but its mathematization.
Trialistic Cosmology
Syncretic Copernican (anthropodecentric) Three-world-doctrine
For all those, for whom the idea with the spaghetti monster is not completely satisfactory.
Based on the consideration of a multitude of paradoxes and inspired in particular by Roger Penrose's book "Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness" from 1994, this three-world doctrine is in a way a farewell to the hope of finding an intellectually justifiable world view with a compact and consistent basis. In particular, this would mean that it is not possible to formulate a consistent theory of quantum gravity, and therefore no world formula. In this respect, it is also a synthesis of externalist and internalist theories and, as such, to a certain extent a meta-religious system. A well-known example of a trialistic constellation is Hegel's dialectical logic of thesis, antithesis and synthesis. If one assigns the thesis and antithesis to Descartes' and Plato's worlds respectively, the synthesis consists of all three worlds together. Or, to put it another way, this cosmology can be described as a hegelized Allsynthesis, based on the insolubility of the problem of universals.
| Descartes world | Hume world | Plato world | |||
| Functionalism, Physicalism | Skepticism, Constructivism | Platon-, Pragmat-, Idealism | - philosophical views | ||
| relative | undecidable | absolute/eternally | - Question about the truth | ||
| undirected | directed | virtual | - Question about the time | ||
| nonfree | transactionalistic | free | - Question about the will | ||
| virtual | mortal | immortal | - Question about the soul | ||
| Formalism, Deductivism | Intuitionism, Constructivism | Platonism | - mathematical views | ||
| Classical logic |
Intuitionistic logic, Modal logic |
Paraconsistent logic, Quantum logic |
- Logic |
||
| General relativity | Thermodynamics | Quantum mechanics | - Physics | ||
| atoms, relations, sets | multisets, lists, trees, graphs | objekts, classes | - Data structures | ||
| syntax | semantics | pragmatics | - Semiotics | ||
| Symbolic AI | Artificial neural network | Embodied AI | - Artificial intelligence |
As a good metaphor for the Three-world-doctrine works the Riemann sphere. The following equivalents apply to this:
Plato world = P(∞)
Descartes world = P(0)
Hume world = all P(x) for x ∈ ℂ \ {0}
The points x ∈ ℂ of the complex number plane are mapped to the intersection points P (x) of the lines through P (∞) with the number sphere on them.
Following this metaphor, one could say that the Descartes world P(0) as a kind of origin with the Plato world P(∞) as an Archimedean point together spans the Hume world. So the Hume world is the world we live in, but it would not exist without the other two. Compared to other Three-world-doctrines one could relate the Plato world to the world of the logos, but a separation between physical and mental worlds is not purposeful from a neutral monistic point of view.
Mathematically, a Riemann sphere is a topological space and as such a compactification of the complex plane. By adding the ideal point P(∞), the infinite plane surface becomes a finite sphere. P(∞) represents in a certain way the infinity of the complex plane, and makes this by the compactification somewhat more controllable and more vivid.
The question of what is real remains difficult. It can be considered separately for each of the three worlds. The following table shows what I consider to be the four most common and nine other points of view:
| Descartes world | Hume world | Plato world | |
| irreal | mystical | real | - Theists |
| irreal | real | mystical | - realistic Agnostics |
| irreal | irreal | mystical | - constructivistic Agnostics |
| real | mystical | irreal | - Atheists |
| irreal | irreal | real | - fundamentalistic Theists |
| irreal | real | irreal | - Amoralists |
| real | irreal | irreal | - fundamentalistic Atheists |
| irreal | irreal | irreal | - radical Constructivists |
| mystical | mystical | real | - theistic Mystics |
| mystical | real | mystical | - realistic agnostic Mystics |
| mystical | irreal | mystical | - constructivistic agnostic Mystics |
| real | mystical | mystical | - atheistic Mystics |
| mystical | mystical | mystical | - trialistic Mystics |
Of course, all 27 combinations are possible, but considering two worlds as real at the same time, for example, can only be detrimental to mental health. Real amoralists are also rare. Radical constructivists claim to want to completely dispense with the concept of reality. In practice, however, this is not feasible. From a trialist point of view, all three worlds are somehow simultaneously real and irreal (imaginary, virtual) and therefore mystical. But it could also be completely different. Wittgenstein I see most as a mystic. The early one as an atheistic and the late one as an agnostic.
